Chapter 5: Circulation

Building Approach

The building approach is how a user of a space is lead up to the entrance a building.

In the example below, a linear path leads the user of the space directly to the entrance of the building.

 

 

Website Title: http://www.cgarchitect.com/2014/08/texas-hill-country---exterior-approach

Building Entrance

The building entrance of a space is the area in which the user transitions from the exterior of the building to the interior of the space.

In the example below, you can see the entrance to this space has been clearly outlined in a bright color to distinguish it from the surrounding area.

Website Title: http://www.contemporist.com/2008/03/11/building-entrance/

Configuration of the Path

The path of movement taken in approaching a destination can come in many different arrangements. The approach may be linear, radial, spiral, a grid, network, or a composite of any of the listed forms.

In the example below, the radial approach is implemented in the approach of this structure. Pathways radiate from every direction from the building.

 

 

 

 

Website Title: http://www.collegetransitions.com/top-architecture-colleges/

Path-Space Relationships

Paths relate each of the spaces they connect in three different ways. Paths may pass by a space, pass through the spaces or lead directly into a space.

In the example below, this floor plan shows a path through this building passing by the other spaces or rooms.

 

 

 

Website Title: http://www.commonfloor.com/interface-heights-mumbai/povp-ffdejr

 





Form of the Circulation Space

A circulation space's form depends on many variables. These variables include its boundaries, how it is linked to other spaces, the scale, entrances, and any changes in level. These spaces may be enclosed, open on one side, or open on both sides.

In the example below, this circulation space is both open on both sides in the front area and enclosed in the back area. It also remains on one level and has a lot of natural light.

 

 

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Chapter 4: Organization

Space within a Space

A space within a space is made possible by constructing a space that stands alone and serves a specific purpose within a larger space.

In the example below, a space within a space has been made possible by constructing a lounge area that has an entity of its own inside a larger space.

URL: http://www.goodshomedesign.com/space-saving-bedrooms-beds/

Article Title: Space Saving Bedrooms & Beds

Website Title:  Home Design Garden Architecture Blog Magazine RSS

Interlocking Spaces

 

Interlocking spaces occur when the volume of two spaces is shared.

 

In the example below, the smaller space on the left shares part of its volume with the bigger space on the right hand side causing them to interlock.

 



URL: http://www.houzz.com/ideabooks/5867317/thumbs/interlocking-spaces

Article Title: Interlocking Spaces

Website Title: Houzz

Adjacent Spaces

Adjacent can be created in several ways. They can be created by placing to spaces separate from each other side by side or creating an intentional or implied division within.

In the illustration below, the table creates a division between the dining areas on either side making it an adjacent space.

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Spaces Linked by a Common Space

Spaces linked by a common space occur when  two spaces a joined together by a third space in between

 

The illustration below shows how the larger buildings have become linked by a common space that connects them from the top portion of the buildings.

URL: http://eco13.net/2009/04/fotos-edificios-ecologicos-china/

Article Title: 11 fotos de edificios ecológicos de China | Eco13

Website Title: 11 fotos de edificios ecológicos de China | Eco13

Clustered Organization

Clustered organization can be created by combining spaces in several ways. Spaces can be combined according to their function, shape, or size and can be combined even if dissimilarities exist within the spaces and their form. Clustered organization can be arranged in a flexible manner.

The illustration below shows a clustered pattern that seems to be arranged more or less around the entrance of the building.

 

URL: http://www.everyculture.com/To-Z/Togo.html

Article Title: Countries and Their Cultures

Website Title: Culture of Togo

Chapter 3: Form and Space

Form and Space: The Unity of Opposites

An object occupying space is equally as important as its surroundings. Unity is created between opposites, existing or non-existent (vacant space) when the impact it causes to the viewer is a balanced.

In the image below, the building stands by itself in the middle of negative space.

Website Title: arslocii placeness as art

 

Article Title: Tag Archives: negative space

 

Date Accessed: January 30, 2015

 

Defining Space with Horizontal Elements: Depressed Plane

A depressed plane is one that can be found below the ground surface.

An example is this ancient Roman theater made beside a hill.

 

 

 

Website Title: The Roman Guy

 

Article Title: Ephesus with The Roman Guy

 

Date Accessed: January 30, 2015

 

Defining Space with Vertical Linear Elements: Single Vertical Plane

A single vertical plane can serve to give a space a specific orientation. It can create division between spaces, but at the same time offer a connective path.

 

 

The example below shows a divided space. The sliding glass door divides and unites both spaces. 

 

 

 

Website Title: : Chapter 3: Form & Space

 

Article Title: D3sign

 

Date Accessed: January 30, 2015

Qualities of Architectural Space: View

 

A view is simply what is visible from inside a space. A view allows for interaction between an interior and its surroundings.

 

In the example below, a large window provides a connection between the inside and a picturesque view of its natural surroundings.

 

 

Website Title: Sepalumic particuliers

 

Article Title: Large classical opening : Sliding window

 

Date Accessed: January 30, 2015



Openings in Space-Defining Elements: Within Planes

Openings within a space allow for a flow of continuity of space.

In the example below we can see that the opening provides a view of the adjacent space and reduces the degree of enclosure.

 

 

 

Website Title: Design Milk

Article Title: A Modern Japanese House With A Surprise Garden Inside - Desi[…]

Electronically Published: June 14, 2013

Date Accessed: January 30, 2015

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 2: Form

Chapter 2: Form

Primary Solids

Primary solids are derived from the basic shapes: circles, triangles and squares. When this basic shapes are applied in a three dimensional fashion they make tangible objects that all people come across everyday life. Primary solids are the basis of all three dimensional design.

This image shows how the basic triangular shape was utilized to make the three dimensional pyramid. 

 

 

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Article Title: The Pyramids of Giza

 

Date Accessed: January 22, 2015

Dimensional Transformation
Dimensional Transformation occurs when an existing three dimensional shape is manipulated vertically, horizontally, or in any desired direction.
This illustration shows how a cube has been elongated keeping its original form.

 

 

Website Title: Inhabitat Sustainable Design Innovation Eco Architecture Gre[…]

 

Article Title: The ITER Complex: A Gorgeous Green Enclave

 

Date Accessed: January 24, 2015

 

Subtractive Forms

Subtractive transformation is achieved by subtracting an object’s mass while still retaining its initial integrity.

In this illustration a portion has been subtracted from above the counter and the ceiling.

 

 

      http://www.furniturestoreblog.com/images

Additive Forms: Linear Form

Additive forms can be achieved in a linear form by arranging a series of patterns in a single row.

This illustration shows an additive linear form by the horizontal pattern that extends along the wall.

 

Website Title: Free stock photos

 

Article Title: Rgbstock.com - Free stock photos -

 

Date Accessed: January 24, 2015

 

Formal Collision of Geometry: Edges and Corners

When planes meet on the edges a corner is produced. Corners can be made in varying angles and in different kinds of styles. A regular corner simply meet on the edges but it could also be joined by using a distinct element. A corner can also be made even if the edges do not touch creating an intended corner. Rounded corners offer an effect of continuity where two planes meet.

This illustration shows a round corner and a sharp corner where two planes have met.

 

Website Title: Dezeen Sunbrella House by Ikeda Yukie Architects Comments

 

Article Title: Sunbrella House by Ikeda Yukie Architects - Dezeen

 

Electronically Published: November 28, 2011

 

Date Accessed: January 24, 2015

 

 

Chapter 1: Primary Elements

POINT

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Date Accessed: January 15, 2015

A point is a very important element in drafting or in any other type of composition including a structure of lines. In theory, a point does not possess any length, area, volume or any other dimensional attribute. A point serves the sole purpose of defining a point in space. Although a point has no dimensions it provides the commencement of a line, which in turn, serves to create lines, planes and overall volume of a composition.

PLANE

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Article Title: Scope it Out: Cantilevered Home Frames View of Landscape

Date Accessed: January 15, 2015

A plane is composed of points created by lines that have been combined to create an enclosure. The enclosed space becomes a surface that can be connected with other planes to form a three dimensional figure.

 

 

 

 

VOLUME

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Article Title: NOTCOT.ORG

Date Accessed: January 15, 2015

Volume is created when combining points, lines, and planes to produce a three dimensional figure which occupies an area defined by the height and overall base area. In other words, the volume of an object is the amount of space an object occupies.

 

LINE

Website Title: Digital Photography School RSS

Article Title: Composition and the Power of Line - Digital Photography                                

Electronically Published: August 20, 2013

Date Accessed: January 15, 2015

Although a line is infinite and has no width, it attributes to the connection of two points in space. A line is basically the elongation of a point and since it has the ability to connect points it can create planes which in turn produce edges. Lines can be used to provide a sense of direction and create depth within a composition.